History
- λ©νλ₯Ό ν΅ν©. μμ°μ μ ν νΌμ½ νλλ€.
- μμ±
κ΄λ ¨λ©ν
KEYWORDS: μμ°
- #λ±μ°: #μ§λ¦¬μ° #μ’ μ£Ό #λνΌμ #μμ° #μΉμ #μΈλ΄ #극볡
- #λ ΉμμμΉ΄λ°λ―Έ #μ₯νμ΅: μμ°μ² ν μ΄μΌκΈ° λ Ήμ·¨λ‘ λͺ¨μ
- #μ ν μΉ΄μ€ν : ν΄κ²μ ν 3 ꡬν Β§denote-sequence
- @ν£: #λ΄λ§‘κΈ°κΈ° #μκ·Έλ #λ§μ #곡λκ΅μ‘ #μμ°
- #μμ°μ² ν: #νμ΅: #μ΄λ§₯μ€: #μ μ°λ¬Όλ¦¬: #μμμ λ ₯ #μ½λ
- #μ ν μΉ΄μ€ν : ν΄κ²μ ν 2 λΆλ₯ - νλ‘νΌλμ μμ§λΆλ₯
- #λλ ΈνΈ: λλ λ νμ©λ²
- @κΉμΉν μΈλ¬Έν κ°λ μ΄ μ¬μ - λ Όλ¦¬ μ¬μ μ² ν μμ¬ μ¬ν μμ° λ¬Έν μμ λ―Έν
- @μλ’°λ©κ±° #μμ°μ² ν #μλͺ μ΄λ #μμμν
- @κΉμ’ μ² @μ₯νμ΅ @μ΄νμ£Ό #μλ€μκ³ΌμΈμμ μλ°μ§μλλ€ #μνν #μ¨μλͺ #λ Ήμνλ‘ #μμ°
- @νΈλ¦¬μ€ν꡴리 #μ°μ± μ #κ°μ΄λ #μμ° #μ νΈ #μ°κ²° #μΌμΉ
- #λͺ¨μ #λμ #κ°μ: μμ°μ΄μ²λ¦¬ μλ² λ©
- #λ ΉμμμΉ΄λ°λ―Έ: 곡λΆλͺ¨μ μμ°μ² ν μμν
- @StefanThesing #μ΄λ§₯μ€ #λλ ΈνΈ #μ ν μΉ΄μ€ν
- @μ₯νμ΅ #μμ°μ² ν #μ¨μλͺ #μ€μΉ
Nature μμ°
- Nature - Link μμ° - λ§ν¬
- Ecology μνν
Topics μ£Όμ λ€
1. Conceptions of nature μμ°μ λν κ°λ
a. Nature as the intrinsic source of a thingβs properties and behavior - μ¬λ¬Όμ μμ±κ³Ό νλμ λ΄μ¬μ μμ²μΌλ‘μμ μμ°
1) The distinction between essential and individual nature: generic or specific properties, and individual, contingent accidents
λ³Έμ§μ λ³Έμ±κ³Ό κ°λ³μ λ³Έμ±μ ꡬλΆ: μΌλ°μ λλ νΉμ μμ±, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ°λ³μ μ΄κ³ μ°λ°μ μΈ λΆμμ νΉμ±λ€
2) Nature or essence in relation to matter and form
λ¬Όμ§κ³Ό νμμ κ΄ν λ³Έμ± λλ λ³Έμ§
b. Nature as the universe or the totality of things: the identification of God and nature; the distinction between natura naturans and natura naturata
μ°μ£Ό λλ λ§λ¬Όμ μ΄μ²΄λ‘μμ μμ°: μ κ³Ό μμ°μ λμΌμ; natura naturansμ natura naturataμ ꡬλ³
c. Nature as the complex of the objects of sense: the realm of things existing under the determination of universal laws
κ°κ° λμμ 볡ν©μ²΄λ‘μμ μμ°: 보νΈμ λ²μΉμ μ§λ°° νμ μ‘΄μ¬νλ μ¬λ¬Όμ μμ
2. The antitheses of nature or the natural
μμ° λλ μμ°μ μΈ κ²μ λ립 κ°λ λ€
a. Nature and art: the imitation of nature; cooperation with nature - μμ°κ³Ό μμ : μμ°μ λͺ¨λ°©; μμ°κ³Όμ νλ ₯
b. Nature and convention: the state of nature and the state of society - μμ°κ³Ό κ΄μ΅: μμ°μ μνμ μ¬νμ μν
c. Nature and nurture: the innate or native and the acquired; habit as second nature
μμ°κ³Ό μμ‘: νκ³ λ κ²κ³Ό νμ²μ μΈ κ²; μ΅κ΄μ μ 2μ μ²μ±μ΄λ€
d. Natural and violent motion - μμ°μ€λ½κ³ κ²©λ ¬ν μμ§μ
e. The natural and the unnatural or monstrous: the normal and the abnormal - μμ°κ³Ό λΆμμ° λλ κ΄΄λ¬Ό κ°μ κ²: μ μκ³Ό λΉμ μ
f. The order of nature and the order of freedom: the phenomenal and the noumenal worlds; the antithesis of nature and spirit - μμ°μ μ§μμ μμ μ μ§μ: νμκ³μ λ¬Όμ체 μΈκ³; μμ°κ³Ό μ μ μ λ립
3. The order of nature - μμ°μ μ§μ
a. The rationality of nature: the maxims and laws of nature - μμ°μ ν©λ¦¬μ±: μμ°μ 격μΈκ³Ό λ²μΉλ€
b. Continuity and hierarchy in the order of nature - μμ° μ§μμμμ μ°μμ±κ³Ό κ³μΈ΅μ±
c. Nature and causality μμ°κ³Ό μΈκ³Όκ΄κ³
1) The distinction between the regular and the chance event: the uniformity of nature - κ·μΉμ μΈ μ¬κ±΄κ³Ό μ°μ°ν μ¬κ±΄μ ꡬλ³: μμ°μ κ· μΌμ±
2) The determinations of nature distinguished from the voluntary or free - μλ°μ μ΄κ±°λ μμ λ‘μ΄ κ²κ³Ό ꡬλ³λλ μμ°μ κ²°μ λ€
3) Teleology in nature: the operation of final causes - μμ°μμμ λͺ©μ λ‘ : μ΅μ’ μμΈμ μμ©
4) Divine causality in relation to the course of nature: the preservation of nature; providence; miracles - μμ°μ κ²½κ³Όμ κ΄λ ¨λ μ μ±ν μΈκ³Όμ±: μμ°μ 보쑴; μ리; κΈ°μ
4. Knowledge of nature or the natural - μμ° λλ μμ°μ μΈ κ²μ λν μ§μ
a. Nature or essence as an object of definition
μ μμ λμμΌλ‘μμ μμ° λλ λ³Έμ§
b. Nature in relation to diverse types of science:
the theoretic and the practical sciences; natural philosophy or science, mathematics, and metaphysics
λ€μν κ³Όν μ νκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ μμ°: μ΄λ‘ κ³Όνκ³Ό μ€μ² κ³Όν; μμ° μ² ν λλ κ³Όν, μν, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ νμ΄μν
c. Nature as an object of history
μμ¬μ λμμΌλ‘μμ μμ°
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